When it comes to ensuring car safety, brakes are one of the automotive components that you should never ignore. Brake types vary according to the age of the vehicle. If you drive a modern car, it probably comes equipped with brakes on all four wheels. The brakes are hydraulic, meaning they use fluid rather than a cable to operate.

Every time you apply the brakes, the hydraulic fluid that flows through the brake system causes the calliper to clamp down on the rotors. The calliper houses brake pads that create friction with the rotors, preventing the wheels from spinning or turning when the brake pedal is depressed. If you start having problems with your hydraulic brake system, one or more of your brake parts could be faulty or worn out.

Read on to learn about the usual culprits behind hydraulic brake issues.

Brake fluid leaks 

All vehicles require various fluids to run smoothly. One of these fluids is the brake fluid. 

Your car should have sufficient brake fluid to ensure smooth braking action whenever you want it to slow down or stop. Without enough brake fluid, the brakes won't amplify your foot's pressure on the pedal.

While brake fluid can break down and lose its effectiveness over time, brake fluid levels should remain the same throughout. If the brake fluid warning light on your vehicle's dashboard comes on, your car might be low on brake fluid. You can confirm this by checking if there is a puddle of yellow-brownish fluid beneath it. 

Air in the brake system

Hydraulic brakes are hermetically sealed. Unfortunately, air can still find its way into the system.

Leaks will allow air to enter your brake lines. As brake fluid leaks, the surrounding air infiltrates the system. A more subtle reason air enters your brakes is that brake fluid is hygroscopic: the fluid pulls water from the atmosphere. 

As brake fluid boils, the water evaporates, leaving the air in the system. To get the air out, you'll need to bleed your brakes. This brake repair job requires professional handling to avoid damaging the brakes.

Well-maintained brakes will keep you and other people safe on the road and minimise vehicle repair costs. Plus, you can enjoy peace of mind knowing that your car can stop or slow down without problems. If you notice signs of brake trouble, take your vehicle to an auto mechanic shop near you.